Quick Search:    advanced search

GSW Home   GeoRef Home   My GSW Alerts   Contact GSW   About GSW   Journals List   Help

This Article Figures Only Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via ISI Web of Science (2) Google Scholar Articles by Parsons, S. A. Articles by Smith, J. A. GeoRef GeoRef Citation

Phosphorus Removal and Recovery from Municipal Wastewaters

Centre for Water Science, Cranfield University
Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 OAK, UK
E-mail: s.a.parsons{at}cranfield.ac.uk

Jennifer A. Smith

Centre for Water Science, Cranfield University
Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 OAK, UK
E-mail: j.a.smith{at}cranfield.ac.uk

Phosphorus is a key pollutant in municipal wastewater. To minimise eutrophication, treatment facilities must often reduce phosphorus levels to less than 1 mg L^-1. Two main approaches to achieving this are chemical precipitation and enhanced biological uptake. Chemical precipitation is widely used and relatively simple; biological phosphorus removal is more complex but relies less on the addition of chemicals and also offers the opportunity to reuse the phosphorus. Phosphorus can be released from cells and converted to calcium phosphate or the mineral struvite. While the products have been shown to be excellent fertilisers, the economic drivers for recovery are still not clear.

KEYWORDS: wastewater, phosphorus recovery, struvite

This article has been cited by other articles:

				E. H. Oelkers and E. Valsami-Jones Phosphate Mineral Reactivity and Global Sustainability Elements, April 1, 2008; 4(2): 83 - 87. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. A.C. Manning Phosphate Minerals, Environmental Pollution and Sustainable Agriculture Elements, April 1, 2008; 4(2): 105 - 108. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]