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Elements; October 2007; v. 3; no. 5; p. 321-326; DOI: 10.2113/gselements.3.5.321
© 2007 Mineralogical Society of America
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Soil Biogeochemical Processes within the Critical Zone

Jon Chorover1, Ruben Kretzschmar2, Ferran Garcia-Pichel3 and Donald L. Sparks4

1 Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Science
University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
E-mail: chorover{at}cals.arizona.edu
2 Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics
Department of Environmental Sciences
ETH Zurich, CHN, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
E-mail: kretzschmar{at}env.ethz.ch
3 School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University
Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
E-mail: ferran{at}asu.edu
4 Department of Plant and Soil Science and Center for Critical Zone Research, University of Delaware
Newark, DE 19717, USA
E-mail: dlsparks{at}udel.edu

Many processes that affect soil and water quality occur at the water-wetted interface of weathering products such as clays, oxides, and organic matter. Especially near the sunlit surface of the Critical Zone, these interfaces associate with plant roots and soil organisms to form porous, aggregated structures. Soil aggregates and intervening pore networks give rise to a patchwork of interconnected microenvironments. The ensuing steep geochemical gradients affect weathering processes, fuel the activities of microbes, and drive interfacial reactions that retain and transform rock- or ecosystem-derived chemicals and anthropogenic pollutants.

KEYWORDS: soil particles, natural organic matter, sorption processes, biogeochemical weathering




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