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1 Earth Chemistry
Research School of Earth Sciences
The Australian
National University
ACT 0200 Australia
and
Institute for Study of the
Earth's Interior, Okayama University at Misasa, Tottori, 682-0193,
Japan
E-mail:
Ian.Campbell{at}anu.edu.au
Mantle plumes are columns of hot, solid material that originate deep in
the mantle, probably at the core-mantle boundary. Laboratory and numerical
models replicating conditions appropriate to the mantle show that mantle
plumes have a regular and predictable shape that allows a number of testable
predictions to be made. New mantle plumes are predicted to consist of a large
head, 1000 km in diameter, followed by a narrower tail. Initial eruption of
basalt from a plume head should be preceded by 
1000 m of domal uplift.
High-temperature magmas are expected to dominate the first eruptive products
of a new plume and should be concentrated near the centre of the volcanic
province. All of these predictions are confirmed by observations.
KEYWORDS: mantle plume, large igneous provinces, uplift, picrite
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